![]() ![]() Because of his powers of persuasion Edison could be said to be the first person to make commercial use of sputtering. Edison came back and said that his invention was a continuous arc whereas Wright’s process was pulsed arc. These were for his wax cylinder phonographs before they were electroplated. Edison’s patent application for vacuum coating equipment to deposit coatings. The US Patent Office cited Wright’s work when challenging T. This deposition resembled arc evaporation rather than sputtering. Wright of Yale University wrote a paper in the American Journal of Science and Arts in 1858 on the use of something called an “electrical deposition apparatus” which was used to make mirrors. First person to make commercial use of sputtering ![]() These principles are still used in electrochemistry today to make metal-coated objects such as the PVD process. These laws deal with the relationship between the amount of electricity used and the amount of substance converted through a chemical reaction. Faraday was trying to prove that all electricity is the same kind of electricity when he happened upon the first two laws of electrochemistry. ![]() However the first person to use a vacuum pump to be able to form a glow discharge (plasma) in a “vacuum tube” was English scientist Michael Faraday in 1838 who used brass electrodes and a vacuum of approximately 2 Torr. The first piston type vacuum pump was invented in 1640 by Otto van Guericke to pump water out of mines. The history of PVD is closely linked with the discovery of electricity the power of magnetism as well as the understanding of gaseous chemical reactions.
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